Which option is NOT aligned with the described approach to evidence-based Explanation (science)?

Which option is NOT aligned with the described approach to evidence-based Explanation (science)?

• A. It uses scientific concepts to explain underlying causes.
• B. It is consistent with scientific data.
• C. It uses models and predictive inferences as part of inquiry.
• D. It centers on personal beliefs rather than data.

Answer: (D)

In science, explanations are built from evidence—data that can be observed, measured, and tested. They use established scientific concepts to explain why something happens, are consistent with the data collected, and employ models and predictions to guide inquiry and test hypotheses. The option that centers on personal beliefs rather than data does not fit this approach. Personal beliefs aren’t verifiable or testable in the same way data and models are, so they don’t provide the evidence-based foundation scientists rely on.

In science, explanations are built from evidence—data that can be observed, measured, and tested. They use established scientific concepts to explain why something happens, are consistent with the data collected, and employ models and predictions to guide inquiry and test hypotheses.

The option that centers on personal beliefs rather than data does not fit this approach. Personal beliefs aren’t verifiable or testable in the same way data and models are, so they don’t provide the evidence-based foundation scientists rely on.